Information according to which 80-90% of people are infected with worms, many people have the idea that you have to drink antielmintic drugs for preventive purposes.
The human body parasites the different types of worms, special tests have been developed for their identification.Each diagnostic procedure has a certain percentage of reliability and differs in the characteristics of the conduct.
Blood tests for parasites
The vital activity of parasites in the body causes malaise of unclear etiology.It can be rashes, flatulence, burning of stomach, nausea, weakness, anemia, joint pain.To clarify the diagnosis, special tests for parasites should be performed.
How to verify the presence of parasites in the human body
Classification of parasites in their appearance:
For representatives of some professions (for the staff of Catering Companies, Institutions for children), the analysis for eggs of worms is required in the design of health books.Children transmit the same analysis at the time of admission to kindergartens and a nursery school or in a sports section.
- A classic study on worms living in the gastrointestinal tract is an analysis of the stool and a scraping of the mucosa from the rectum.
- But there are several options for most effective blood tests for parasites, as expected and according to the method.
Reasons for the delivery of analysis for parasites
When infected with individual parasites, a person may not hear any symptoms.But over time, the number of helminths increases and the infection begins to manifest itself.It is necessary to perform tests for parasites if there are such symptoms:
- abdominal pain of different location, which can occur spontaneously or on palpation;
- itching in the anus that appears at night;
- joint and muscle pain;
- reduced appetite and nausea;
- increase in appetite with plenty of salivation;
- intestinal dysbiosis;
- constipation or diarrhea;
- change in the color of the stool;
- increase in fatigue;
- dizziness;
- the pallor of the skin;
- insomnia or sleep disorders;
- irritability;
- dermatitis;
- incontinence in the urine;
- In women, abundant discharge from the vagina, violations of the menstrual cycle.
The nature of the symptoms depends on the type of parasites.The itching and combustion in the anal region cause Pinworms.Askarides causes serious allergic reactions and cramps abdominal pain.Lambia, Echinococci and Bicondumure influence the liver.They are often the cause of the obstruction of the biliary tract and colestasis (biliary stagnation), inflammation of the gallbladder.The stools light with drops of fat are one of the main signs of the liver and pancreas pathology.The symptom of the parasitic effect on the liver and the gallbladder is pain in the right hypocondry.
If many of the listed symptoms appear, it is necessary to go to the hospital to identify parasites in the body in time.It is necessary to perform regular preventive tests for parasites for children, people who live or work with animals.If the raw meat, with shots, slightly salty, the lard or the fish are regularly consumed for food, the risk of infection is very high.In this case, it is also necessary to be regularly checked to identify parasites.
What tests for parasites exist
There are several reasons that cause the need to take an analysis for the Elmininti.
On this parameter, 3 types of tests are distinguished:
- Quote: necessary for the timely detection of Elminiasis even in the absence of characteristic symptoms.They are carried out on the personal initiative of a person or in a medical examination.It is recommended to take such a analysis every year, especially for children.
- Barrier - are prescribed to minimize the risk of the spread of the Elmintiasis between the population.This is a mandatory analysis that children pass before entering a nursery or school school, food industry workers, service areas, medical staff to obtain a medical book.The analysis of the barrier is provided once a year.
- As prescribed by a doctor, this type of analysis for elmininti is prescribed by a doctor in the presence of characteristic symptoms of the helmintiasis: nausea, stomach disorders, itching in the anus, weight loss, abdominal pain, increase in fatigue, dizziness.With a single negative result, the analysis must be taken up to make sure of its reliability.
Depending on the situation and symptoms, one or more types of tests are prescribed.We consider in detail the characteristics of each.
With a strong weight loss, you should think about the need to conduct analysis for parasites
Calais analysis for worm eggs
Feck analysis for parasites, in another way, is called a COPROGRAM-A method which provides for the study of the faecal masses under the microscope in order to identify the parasite eggs, their larvae or fragments of sexually mature worms.This analysis allows you to identify many varieties of worms, but is particularly effective for worms that parasites to the intestine.Suitable for the diagnosis of entertainable, ascariasis, ankilostomosis, trichocephaly and other types of infection.
To conduct an analysis, it is necessary to take a special sterile jar.It is issued in a clinic, workshops or purchased in the pharmacy.
So everything is simple:
- It is necessary to fill in 1/3 of feces with feces.This must be done before 11.00 hours.Make sure that third -party impurities, for example, the blood, the drops of other secretions do not fall into the jar, since this will negatively show the reliability of the result.
- The filling cover filled must be strictly closed.He is signed and then packaged in a US -throwing package.
- It is better if the material can be transferred for analysis 30–45 minutes after collection.It is allowed to keep it in the refrigerator, but no more than 8 hours.After this period, the material becomes unsuitable for analysis.
You can discover the results the day after analysis.But in some workshops it is made up to 6 days.
The effectiveness of this method is 30-35%, since the helminths do not lay eggs every night.
Scraping (strip)
The scraping is the most common analysis for entertainable, which allows you to identify the presence of Pinworms that parasitized in the intestine and placed a large number of eggs in the area around the anus, as well as in the perineum area every night.
Since the children have particularly suffered from Entebosis, a child who visits a nursery school, a school, must take a scraping regularly twice a year.Adults must also make an analysis when the first signs of parasites appear: itching in the anus, poor sleep, worsening of appetite, weight loss, irritability.
Analysis procedure:
- The scraping is taken from a special spatula, which is available in the pharmacy or with a normal cotton wool, previously moistened in saline or hot water.It removes a strip from the area around the anus and perineum.Another way is to connect an adhesive tape (tape) to the area around the anus.Removed gently, it must be glued to the surface of clean and dry glass.
- The procedure must be performed in the morning, immediately after awakening.Before then, you can't go to the bathroom and wash.You can take a stain in a clinic or home.
- A stick or a spatula, on whose surface it is a biomass for the search, is packed in a sterile dry jar, a package.Packaging should be sealed.
- It is necessary to deliver the material to the laboratory for research on the day to take a strip, it is better immediately.If necessary, for a maximum of 5 hours, it can be kept in the refrigerator.
You can discover the results the next day.
If the results of the first analysis were negative, but the typical symptoms of the entertainment are preserved, the procedure must have passed again the following day or any other day.Maximum effectiveness guarantees 3-4 negative results of the analyzes performed in a row.
Blood test
A blood test shows the presence of parasites, because, following their lives, they affect the internal organs, the mucous membranes, release a large number of toxins.This causes changes in the composition of the blood.When elmininti appear, the immune system begins to produce antibodies (immunoglobulin).They can be identified following the study.
The main thing is that a competent decoding of the results is made, which can only be done by an expert specialist.
A blood test for parasites determines all their varieties: ascaride, lamblia, dishes, two -Acqua, tricinella, Trematodi.Most of them parasitic in the internal organs: in the liver, to the lungs, to the ducts and not in the intestine, therefore, using other tests, it will not work to identify these types of parasites.
Analysis delivery procedure:
- To make the analysis, venous blood is needed.Just take 3-5 ml of material from the vein of the elbow.The procedure is performed on an empty stomach, preferably in the morning.
- Specialists study the selected blood in the laboratory for specific antibodies, which allow to determine the heeling stadium.
- Decipher the results of the analysis.
Before donating blood, the patient must pass the preparation phase.Start a week before diagnosis and involves a complete refusal to use antibiotics and other drugs, the composition of which can adversely affect the accuracy of the result.A day before the analysis, it is worth excluding fatty products, sweets, carbonated drinks and always alcohol from the diet.
The determination of the elmintic invasion is also carried out using a general blood examination.It is quite instructive, it allows you to identify different types of worms, but more effective in relation to Pinworms, as well as Ascaris.
When the general analysis is decompose, the following indicators are taken into consideration:
- Hemoglobin - with damage to worms, it is reduced;
- Leukocytes - When infected with elmininti, their concentration has increased.
For the analysis, the blood is taken from a vein.Before the procedure, it is important not to eat 8, but better than 12 hours.Drinking only water is allowed.5-7 days before manipulation, it is necessary to stop taking antibiotics.
Elisa, analysis for antibodies and immunoglobulin
This analysis is based on the immune response of the body, the level of its protective reaction to the invasion of parasites.
- Using Elisa's results, it is possible to determine the presence of elminints in the body and their type.The accuracy of the study is much higher than the analysis of the stool.
- The method is based on the calculation of antibodies in the body to one or another type of parasites, on the determination of their connection with foreign antigens (immune response) and the enzymatic reaction of the body.
- Anti-antigen antibodies indicate an infection.
- An Elisa blood examination has precision, according to several experts, from 60% to 90% even at low level of invasion.
- The advantage of the method, in addition to a high level of accuracy, is that an analysis of the immuno function can be monitored by the dynamics of the disease over time.
Polimerase chain reaction (PCR analysis)
The PCR method is one of the most modern and accurate for the diagnosis of blood due to the presence of parasites in the body.It consists in detecting traces of DNA and RNA, belonging to parasitic life forms.
- The essence of the polymerase reaction is the treatment of blood in such a way as to copy and propagate the DNA, the RNA of foreign organisms to a concentration that allows them to determine.
Serological blood test
At the same time, the analysis is used as a source of information on the blood serum.
- Immunogen antibodies of parasites are studied.
- The analysis allows you to identify a large number of parasitic forms, but does not allow you to determine the invasion stage.
- Like the IFA method, the serological analysis is indirect for diagnosis.
- If the OPD values are high, it is advisable to pass the faecal analysis.
How and where to take tests for parasites
It is necessary to take tests for parasites when the typical symptoms of the Elmintic invasion appear: digestive problems, asthenia, weight loss, dermatological diseases.It is also necessary to undergo diagnostics for helminths in situations in which a person suffers from a chronic disease for many years, but the treatment does not give the expected result.In many cases, it turns out that the disease is not caused by physiological problems, but by a consequence of the parasitization of worms.
Before passing the procedure, it is necessary to obtain a direction from a gastroenterologist, specialist of infectious diseases, proctologist, therapist, surgeon, dermatologist and pediatrician.With this direction, a person goes to the laboratory.After the study of biomaterials, it receives a form of results, which indicates if the helminths are detected in the body.
If the results of the analysis confirmed the presence of worms, it is important to immediately consult a qualified doctor.It can be a specialist or therapist of infectious diseases.When the elmintiasis is diagnosed in a child, a pediatrician will help.
To take tests that identify parasites, they need at least once a year.To undergo diagnostics, it is important to choose a good laboratory, whose specialists guarantee maximum precision of the results.